ADHD Assessments
There isn't a single test that can be used to determine if one has ADHD. Instead, specialists employ different tools to gather information and assess a person's symptoms.
These include standardized clinical interviewing and rating scales, observational ratings and a number of psychometric/neuropsychological tests (including intelligence testing). They are an integral part of the comprehensive evaluation process required to screen, assess, diagnose and monitor treatments.
Assessment Process
The majority of ADHD assessments involve a detailed interview between the evaluator and the person who is being assessed. A professional such as a psychologist medical professional or clinical social worker will conduct the test. The clinician will inquire with the patient to describe their history and current symptoms. Many evaluators use standardized behavior ratings scales. These tests are based on research that compares the behavior of people suffering from ADHD and those without. They are not diagnostic in their own right, but add important, objective information to the assessment. The Vanderbilt Assessment Scale, the Teacher-Parent report form of Behavior Assessment System for Children and the Vanderbilt Assessment Scale are all examples. For adults, a standardized ADHD rating scale like the Wender Utah Rating Scale may be used. The doctor will employ a behavioral check-list for both adults and children. This looks for other conditions that are often co-occurring with ADHD like conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder, depression or anxiety.
The evaluator will also examine the person's history and current medications. The clinician will also review medical records, and gather information about the person's family and environment. For example the evaluator might inquire about whether the person's parents or other relatives have had ADHD and what their symptoms were like.
These tests can be extremely beneficial to the person who is evaluating particularly when the diagnosis is not clear. These tests aren't suitable as the primary method to determine ADHD because of their insensitivity and specificity. They don't take into account the variety of situations that adults have to face.
A more recent test called SPECT brain scanning can provide valuable information about how the brain functions for only a brief period of time. However the results are useful in the diagnosis of certain types of illnesses and injuries that affect the brain. They do not accurately represent how the brain performs in everyday situations, such as school, work and relationships.
It is recommended to consult an expert in mental healthcare who has experience in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. A referral from a therapist or doctor is the best way to locate such an individual.
Signs and symptoms
People with ADHD have difficulty staying focused and retaining self-control. This can cause issues at school, work, or in relationships. It is also difficult to manage everyday frustrations. Because of this, untreated ADHD symptoms can result in break-ups, loss of jobs, and other serious consequences.
In order to be diagnosed with ADHD the person must have symptoms that persist throughout their childhood and adolescence. These symptoms should also be a hindrance in their ability to function normally and be present prior age 12.
Inattention and impulsivity are two of the most common symptoms of ADHD. Inattention symptoms include difficulty staying focused, ignoring important information, and having trouble remembering things. Someone may also have poor organizational skills, or have difficulties staying on track and following directions. many tasks at the same time.
Hyperactive/impulsive symptoms include fidgeting, being unable to sit still, having excess energy, and being talkative. This type of ADHD can also cause a person to struggle with waiting for their turn or interrupting others.
These signs are typically seen in children when they first begin school. They may struggle in school because of the academic demands and can get frustrated by their inability to concentration or organization abilities. They may also struggle with interpersonal relationships due to their tendency to emotional outbursts.
These symptoms can persist into adulthood, leading to difficulties at work, in romantic relationships, and with family members. gp adhd assessment who aren't treated for ADHD may feel embarrassed or blame themselves, thinking they're not smart enough to be successful or that something is wrong with them. But it's important to realize that having ADHD doesn't mean you're less capable or intelligent.
To determine if you have ADHD the primary care physician or mental health professional will carry out an extensive evaluation. They will inquire about your symptoms and the impact they have on your life. They will also interview your partner, other family members, and your friends. To evaluate the severity of your symptoms, they employ scales for behavior and symptom lists. They will also examine your medical history and education. They might also refer you to a physical examination or take psychological tests to rule out any other conditions.
Diagnosis
Your child or you have been struggling at school. You may be worried about the dreaded snow day or even the most recent teacher evaluation. You've heard of ADHD, but don't know what it means. Is your child just lazy, or does she have a problem that is easier to be to treat than solve? A thorough diagnosis is essential. You must determine if the problem is caused by excessive screen time, inadequate parenting or a medical condition. Fortunately, your family physician can assist you in determining whether an ADHD evaluation is right for you.
In general the general case, an ADHD assessment consists of an interview, a review of symptoms, and the use of rating scales or checklists. Doctors will inquire about the patient's history of health, developmental progress going back to childhood, academic and work experience and driving history as well as marriage and family relations. The examiner will also look for other disorders such as learning disabilities or anxiety and mood disorders.
The person who is being evaluated must be able discuss the issues honestly and openly. It is crucial to not hold back out of embarrassment or fear of criticism. This will help the examiner understand how the ADHD symptoms interfere with everyday life and to recommend treatments.
To be able to make a diagnosis of ADHD to be confirmed, a number of symptoms must have been present prior to age of 12 and be "impairing" at least in two important settings like school or home. Impairment goes beyond being forgetful or struggling to complete assignments. It could also mean being fired from work for tardiness or failing to complete a task on time, or causing stress and conflict in relationships.
Many doctors interview the patient as well as the loved ones like a spouse, sibling, or parent. They might also seek for feedback from those who spend a great deal of time with the patient like a nanny or coach. This kind of personal insight often provides information that cannot be gleaned from questionnaires. Psychiatrists will also typically perform an examination of the body and conduct tests in the laboratory, like blood and urine testing, to rule out possible causes for the symptoms.
Treatment
A health care provider may conduct an ADHD evaluation to determine whether there is a root cause such as a mood condition or another physical condition that is causing similar symptoms. A thorough assessment involves looking over the patient's mental and medical history, as well as evaluating their behavior in the past and present, and their school performance. It also includes contacting family as well as teachers and other caregivers in order to get a complete picture of the person's performance in different settings.
People with ADHD typically benefit from a variety of treatments, says Dr. Frank. Certain medications are prescribed to help improve concentration and focus, and reduce impulsiveness, such as stimulants like Ritalin or Adderall or non-stimulant drugs that take longer to effect but also help improve attention abilities like Intuniv or Clonidine.
The majority of treatment plans include the use of behavioral therapy, particularly for children. For example, the counselor might help them learn methods of organization to make it easier for them to organize their things or practice mindfulness meditation to improve their impulse control and help them manage their time. Family or marital counseling can also be helpful for people suffering from ADHD because it helps them develop the skills of communication and problem-solving that will help them deal with their difficulties at home and at work.
Many people suffering from ADHD will also discover that they can lessen their symptoms by eating a balanced diet and get enough sleep and exercise. They should also reduce their intake of junk food and drinks. It may also be beneficial to seek out support from friends and family or join a support organization or take part in an ADHD coach training program that will provide them with tools and tips to manage their symptoms. People suffering from ADHD should see their GP regularly for periodic medication checks to learn how their treatment is working and to identify any potential adverse side effects. The GP can refer patients suffering from ADHD for additional evaluation or for a diagnosis to psychiatrists or clinical psychologists.